Critical assessment 30: Grain growth – Unresolved issues

Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation at 30: Unresolved scientific issues.

The undermining effect of extrinsic reward on intrinsic motivation remains unproven. The key unresolved issues are construct invalidity (all four definitions are unproved and two are illogical); measurement unreliability (the free-choice measure requires unreliable, subjective judgments to infer intrinsic motivation); inadequate experimental controls (negative affect and novelty, not cognitive ...

Addressing the Unresolved Issues

The landscape of early breast cancer has changed dramatically with significant advancements in early screening and diagnosis and curative-intent therapies. Indeed, breast cancer–specific survival has improved by 20% during the past 30 years, and 5-year survival is now 98% for early-stage disease.1 As a consequence, the risk and nature of adjuvant therapy–induced immediate and late-occurring car...

Unresolved intergenerational issues.

Venous thromboembolism diagnosis: unresolved issues.

Recent advances in the management of patients with suspected VTE have both improved diagnostic accuracy and made management algorithms safer, easier to use and well standardised. These diagnostic algorithms are mainly based on the assessment of clinical pretest probability, D-dimer measurement and imaging tests, mainly represented by compression ultrasound (CUS) for suspected DVT and computed t...

Unresolved Issues in Ontology Learning

Despite a number of approaches to ontology learning in the last decade, there are still a number of challenges that need to be tackled by the research community. This paper describes some of these challenges and sketches some ideas that might be beneficial for solving them.